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zsheetfs sheet 1. y W. F. M. MVOCARTY.. APP ATUS PoR THE MANUPAGTURB 0*No 355,331. Patented Jan. 4, 1887.

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W; F. M.. MGCARTY.

APPARATUS FOR THB 'MANU-FACTURE 0F GAS. No. 355,331.

UNITED STATES PATENT. Ottica.

VILLIAM F. M. MCCARIY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO JANELOGAN, OF'HAGERSTOWN, MARYLAND, AND ADOLPH OHL AND B. C. LAUTH, OFPHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 355,331, dated January4, 1887.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM F. M. Mo- OARTY, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Philadelphia, in the county ot' Philadelphia andState of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Appa-` ratus for thellanufactnre of Gas, of which the following isaspecication, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

ro My invention relates to certain improvements in apparatus for themanufacture of water-gas.

My invention consists, essentially, in the construction of the furnaceand retorts, both of i5 which are built up of fire-brick, lined withfireclay, the retorts being supported in the furnace by tiebracessuitably secured or built' in the walls of the same.

Theforni and arrangement of the furnace 2o and retorts may be variedindefinitely to suit the requirements of various conditions; but inorder to clearly explain the nature and scope of my invention, referenceis made to the accompanying drawings, sh owing one form of apparatus bymeans of which myinvention may be practiced. y

In the said drawings, Figure l represents a vertical sectional view of afurnace, showing the retorts located therein, with portions 3o brokenaway to expose the interior. Fig. 2

represents a top view of the retorts and furnace, showing the induction,eduction, and connecting-pipes of the retorts, and the respective valvesof said pipes; and Fig. 3 represents a horizontal sectional view of thefurnace and retorts.

The letter A indicates a furnace which, in the present instance, isrepresented as cylindrical in shape, and B is the door entering the 4olower part ofthe furnace, through whichthe contents ot' the retorts maybe removed.

Gis the smoke-escape ilu'e, which leads to a suitable chimney or stack.

The letters D D DZ D3 indicate a series of retorts which. areconstructed of fire-brick, built up in sections, which are tongued andgrooved together, as shown, located in the in- 'y terior of the furnace,and are lined with fireclay or other refractory material. The upper 5oends of the retorts are formed with flanged tops Application filedDecember 11, 1885. Serial No. 185,379. (Nomodehl having man-holes, whichare closed by the covers E, held on in any suitable manner, so as toforma tight joint, but permit the retorts to be readily opened forcharging. The lower ends of the retorts are provided with pivoteddropbottoms G, which may be let down when required, so as to open thelower ends or" the retorts and discharge the contents of the same whenexhausted or otherwise rendered useless. The upper portions of theretorts are built in 6o the crown of the furnace, as shown in Fig. 1 ofthedrawings, and at suitable points below are braced by cross-ties H,which are secured or built into the sidewalls of the furnace, so as tosecurely hold the retorts in avertieal position.

The induction-pipe I enters the lower part of the retort D. The saidretort connects at its top with the upper part ofthe retort D. The saidretort D connects at its bottoni with the lowerlpart of the retort D2,and the retort D'2 at its topl with the retort D, by means of the pipesd d d2.

The letter K indicates the eduction-pipe leading to vthe main or gasholder. rIhe retorts D and D3 are connected at the top by the pipe d3,and the retorts D and D2 by apipe,d*, which are provided with valves,for the pur-- pose hereinafter more fully explained.

.The retort D is charged with broken stone, so lire-tiles, nre-brick, orany other similar radiating material for the purpose of superheating thesteam and gases which are passed into said retort during the process ofmanufacturt ing the permanent gas. The retort-s Dl and D2 85 are filledwith iron scrap to decompose the superheated steam, and the retort D3receives the hydrocarbon, which may be either liquid or solid, and.charged into the same in the form of spray, vapor, or gas to enrich the9c gases passing 'from the retort D' previous to the formation of theresultant illuminatinggas. rPhe steam in passing into the 4retort D issuperheated, as above stated, in the retorts D D, which are heated toacherry-red heat. It is deoxidized, liberating pure hydrogen gas and anoxide of iron represented by the formula Fe3 0,. Thehydrogen passes ontotheretort D3, where it meets with the carbon, either solid or liquid, inthe form of benzine, prefroc erably volatilized, in contact with heat orby evaporation by a current of air or heated gas, the whole beingconverted into a permanent gas in said retort D3 by passing intointimate Contact with the heated material, which may be dre-brick, tile,pumice-stone, or other similarsubstance with which said retort ischarged.

When natural gas is employed in conjunction with the other materials forthe production of a permanent heating or illuminating gas, the retort Dis charged with charcoal, coke, or other suitable solid carbon, and inconjunction with the steam and natural gas in said retort are formedcarbonio oxideA OO) and carbureted hydrogen. The gases are then run intothe retort D2, the iron taking up the oxygen of the carbonic oxide,setting free the carbon which is taken up lby the gas, which is stillfurther carbureted in the retort D3, if necessary, by means of asuitable liquid hydrocarbon in the form of spray, or in a gaseouscondition, the gases being finally fixed in this retort and convertedinto a permanent illuminating-gas.

If the compound gas is to be used as a heating agent simply, the finalcarbureting may be omitted, and the gas for heating the furnace for themanufacture of illun1inating`= gas is preferably employed before suchcarbureting.

The furnace is heated by means of a series of ries of four retorts areemployed; but it is evident that they may be decreased or increased innumber, ortheir form or position changed, Without altering the characterof my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secu reby Letters Patent,

l. The combination, in an apparatus for the manufacture of gas, of afurnace and a series of retorts built up of fire-brick and lined withlire-clay or other refractory impervious material, substantially asspecified.

2. The combination, in an apparatus for the manufacture of gas, of afurnace and a series of retorts built up of fire-brick. lined withlireclay or other refractory material, and the brace-ties whereby theretorts are braced and supported, substantially as described.

In testimony WhereofI affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

NVM. F. M. MCGARTY.

Witnesses:

WM. H. SIMS, S. E. GARoTHEns.

